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Recently it has been announced officially that there is water on lunar surface. Since man first touched the moon, scientists have considered that the lunar surface is dry. They thought the moon was drier than any desert on Earth. In September NASA scientists discovered water on the moon although in very small quantities. They proved the discovery with the help of special equipment. One ton of a top layer of the lunar surface contains nearly 32 ounces of water. Recent explorations which have been carried out with the help of three different spacecrafts have proved scientists’ assumptions.

Space companies engaged in space investigationfrom the USA, Japan and Russia are going to develop their own bases on the lunar surface. NASA hopes that water will help to stay on the Moon for a long period of time.

The primary data which has been received with the help of new lunar vehicle developed by NASA LCROSS (Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite) reveal water presence in a crater. The crater is not very far from the South Pole of the Moon. It is constantly situated in shade; therefore it is impossible to reveal the presence of frozen water far off there. LCROSS was placed in crater Cabeus in October. After the sling landing, a funnel was created as a result of the vehicle blow. Particles of lunar ground have risen which hid a firm lunar surface billions of years. Scientists consider that the finding opens a new chapter in moon exploration. If we understand the Moon better, we will expand also the general knowledge of Solar System.

Let’s notice that scientists have argued for years whether there is hydrogen on the moon or not. Nobody could predict its quantity. Recently considerable volumes of hydrogen have been discovered on the moon poles. Taking into consideration that there is frozen water in a subpolar crater, NASA comes to assumption that water can be widely extended on the moon. Scientists are sure that water in the form of ice has presented on the moon for billions of years. Having studied its chemical compound it would be possible to reveal new facts about evolution of the Moon and Solar System. Besides, it is possible to state with confidence that lunar water will be very useful to scientists who will constantly stay at moon bases in future.

Since LCROSS has hit about the lunar surface, scientists have got a large volume of data. However researchers have given particular attention to the data received from spectrometers. Spectrometers will provide most exact data on presence of water and its approximate quantity.

Thus, scientists have incontestable data which prove water presence on the moon. Concentration and analysis of lunar water is the next task. Nowadays scientists state for sure that there is water in crater Cabeus. Scientists conduct additional researches connected with the received data.
thousands of people dream of getting launched outside the Earth gravity. Modern technologies are advancing fast but as of today they make it possible only for 12 people to get access into open space a year. And for the rest the dream remains just a dream. Intospace.org inspires people and involves the world’s public in space examination with the help of our project. Within the framework of our project we will send Your picture (your personal photo, logo or any other image) along with the pictures of other people into space tour with one of expeditions. Make a unique Christmas gift to your friend by sending his or her photo into space!

In Gaza destitution is widespread. There is a demand for basic goods but they are in very short supply. Israel has positioned blockades around the borders Gaza shares with other nations. So one of the best ways to move supplies into Gaza is through tunnels.

In order to draw themselves out of poverty the Palestinians were advised to invest in the tunnels. Investors believed that these tunnels would assist them out of poverty and supply the channel to smuggle in needed goods. One town that has scores of these tunnels is Rafah which shares a border with Egypt.

There are tons of tunnels but Israelis end up bombing many of them so there are continually tunnels being built. There is a lot of capital to be made from running a tunnel. lately two swindlers gathered cash from Palestinians in order to construct a tunnel except that they left with anywhere from $100 million to $500 million. The money is gone and there is no tunnel.

Hamas is trying to get the money back and has two suspects in custody but so far no money has been recovered. It’s not just investors that are losing out on the tunnels but also workers. One employee didn’t get paid for three months worth of work and doesn’t think he’ll ever get his wages.

Tunnels may be money makers and life lines to the people in Gaza but they are also very risky. With Israel dropping bombs on the tunnels and a steady threat of cave-ins tunnel runners are always in danger. These tunnels supply not only money and goods to Palestinians but they come with a price. father stated “I want to go to the park at the end of the day, not go looking for my son inside a tunnel digging for a living and finding him dead inside the tunnel.”

There are literally hundreds of underground tunnels that link Egypt to Rafah and thousands of Palestinians working on smuggling merchandise into Gaza. Israel believes it’s necessary to obstruct these tunnels because weapons are smuggled in, which may be correct but the blockades are keeping Palestinians below the poverty line.

Unemployment in Gaza is up to 80 percent and as a result many are required to work in the tunnels. Even kids run away from home to work in these tunnels and are rapidly hired because many of the tunnels are only 4 feet tall inside. Children are also recruited to dig the tunnels and many are injured or lost when the tunnel falls in with them inside. However the risks are worth it for many children. One child disclosed to have received $100 a day for working in a tunnel.

Money is hard for these children to resist because they come from such poor backgrounds. The money is what drives this business and many children get caught up in it. Just this year alone over 59 Palestinians have perished in the tunnels, counting children.

Diane Johnson earned a bachelor’s degree in Political Science from the University of Utah. She likes to write about the news, politics, online degree, online education, and the college experience.